Tag Archives: Indigenous

The Barren Grounds By David A Robertson

Described as Narnia-like with a Canadian Indigenous twist, The Barren Grounds is a story that follows two Indigenous foster kids living in Winnipeg as they embark on a fantastical adventure while navigating their identity, belonging, and reclaiming lost culture.

Based on traditional Cree stories, the novel follows Morgan and Eli to Misewa, a small town in an alternate universe, filled with animal humanoid creatures. Misewa is struggling through a long, harsh winter that never ends, causing many problems. Morgan and Eli decide to stay and help the community while learning more about themselves and their culture.

This adventure and fantasy novel is an engaging way for young readers to learn more about Cree culture and honour Indigenous storytelling. Robertson elevates the readers experience by integrating Swampy Cree vocabulary, centering Indigenous storytelling in an interesting way for young readers. In my own experience reading it with my classroom, the students demonstrated great enthusiasm examining the meanings of Swampy Cree words and learning about Cree legends.

For educators wanting to integrate Indigenous knowledge into their classrooms, The Barren Grounds is essential. When paired with interactive activities and critical discussions connecting to Canada’s relationships with Indigenous ways of knowing, this book can add to student’s understandings and help center Indigenous voices within our educational system.

The Barren Grounds

The Barren Grounds: The Misewa Saga, Book One: Robertson, David A.: 9780735266100: Books - Amazon.ca

The Barren Grounds is the first book in The Misewa Saga by David A. Robertson. In this fantasy book, Robertson weaves traditional Cree stories with fantastical elements against a backdrop of modern Winnipeg.

Morgan, our main character, is a young Indigenous girl who has been in the foster system since she was a toddler, with only fleeting memories of her mother. She feels isolated and disconnected from her home and community. One day, a boy named Eli begins to live with her foster parents as well. He has only recently been separated from his family and is struggling to adapt to life in Winnipeg. The two foster siblings slowly begin to bond, primarily through escaping to the attic of their house. Eli is an artist who draws beautiful pictures of snowy fields and animals from back home. One day, one of his drawings opens a portal to an alternate reality, and Morgan and Eli are whisked off on an adventure with Ochek (Fisher), the only hunter left in the land of Misewa, which has been starved by a hostile force that has stolen their resources. Along with Arik (Squirrel), a light-hearted and fun companion, the four embark on a perilous mission to save Misewa and its inhabitants, and also get home to Winnipeg before breakfast.

This book’s strength is in the connection between characters and the kindness and empathy they demonstrate for each other and for all living things. Morgan’s trust in others develops beautifully over the course of the book and allows her character to soften and grow as the troupe adventure through this new world and allows her to remember more of her mother and their home community.

If you enjoyed “The Chronicles of Narnia” by C.S. Lewis and other classic children’s fantasy, you’d enjoy this fresh take on a fantasy trope. Additionally, I recommend this book anyone looking for excellent Canadian Indigenous literature written at a late elementary school level while still tackling difficult themes, balanced perfectly with humour and joy.

Reading (and Writing) a Chapter in Canadian History: A Book Review on “These are My Words: The Residential School Diary of Violet Pesheens” by Ruby Slipperjack

Content Warning (C.W.) / Trigger Warning (T.W.): This book discusses difficult topics like Residential School trauma, abuse, and racism.

These are My Words: The Residential School Diary of Violet Pesheens by Ruby Slipperjack is the latest installment in the Dear Canada series by Scholastic Canada. This is a work of Historical Fiction about a young girl named Violet (“Pynut”), who is sent from her home in Flint Lake, Ontario, to a Residential School in Northern Ontario. The book follows Violet’s school year from 1966 to 1967 and is written in first-person diary-entry format. Through Violet’s diary entries, Slipperjack skillfully weaves a narrative that explores the profound impact of cultural erasure and the resiliency of the human spirit.

The book’s diary format provides an enriching first-person perspective that immerses readers into the past. Readers quickly understand the harsh and oppressive conditions inside Canada’s Residential Schools. Violet grapples with her identity as a young Anishinaabe woman as she is robbed of her language, culture, and identity upon becoming a student at the Residential School. She feels like her life has split into two: there is the version of herself at Residential School, and the version she once was back home with her Grandmother on Flint Lake.

What is most interesting about this book is that Violet’s story is based on Slipperjack’s own life. It would be interesting to know whether Slipperjack too, like Violet,  kept a diary in secret as an act of resistance and self-preservation.

This book provides a sensitive and thoughtful introduction into the dark history of Canada’s Residential School System and how recently it has impacted individuals. This book would be best suited for a read-a-loud or independent novel study for  students in Grade 5 and up. If readers have liked books like The Diary of Anne Frank or Catherine, Called Birdy, they will enjoy this book.

By Grace Jansen

Book Review on Richard Wagamese’s “Indian Horse”

Wagamese’s Indian Horse is an integral coming-of-age novel that everyone should come across, especially those in high school to post-secondary education. However, there should be a trigger warning of sexual assault. In this book, the main character Saul Indian Horse takes you on a journey in his personal life as an Ojibway battling through the cruel and dehumanizing tortures in an Ontarian Catholic residential school, St. Jerome’s. Saul decides to share his story in a written format using the first-person narrative. This is ironic, as storytelling through oral communication is known to be a tradition, especially to those of Indigenous descent. The irony here shows that Saul is engaging in the tradition of Western literature. Back to the story: in this book, we experience a narrative about family loss, the toxic residential school system in Canada, it’s abuses to both Saul and other children, integrating into the white-dominated sport of hockey, personal and inter generational trauma and racism, and alcoholism. This text is a great educational source for students to learn about the history of Indigenous oppression. If you’re interested to discover how Saul survives the traumatic experience at St. Jerome’s and finds familial comfort in foster parents, then this book is for you!

-Niki Anastasakis, JI 0132

The Absolutely True Diary of A Part Time Indian by Sherman Alexie

The Completely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian by Sherman Alexie introduces the reader to Arnold Spirit Jr. on the Spokane Reserve at Wellpinit, in Washington State.  Junior writes in a first-person, diary style familiar to fans of The Princess Diaries or The Secret Diary of Adrian Mole Aged 13 3/4.  But while Junior’s explorations of first loves, family, friends, and high school are a common-ground entry for readers, Alexie explores themes of alcoholism, fatalism, racial identity, and the Indigenous world.  Junior is encouraged to develop his intelligence in a white high school off reserve in order to escape the cycles of poverty, substance abuse and death that surround him.  Arnold takes the leap and in the process feels excluded from both the reserve and non-reserve communities.  The ways Junior navigates his identity gives insight into both the teenage experience and the Indigenous experience with parallels to many minority cultures navigating “between two worlds.”

The engaging, first-person style is able to draw in diverse readers (and the comic illustrations are both hilarious and hearbreaking at times).  However, readers younger than Junior (who is 14 in grade 9 in the book) should consider the darker themes, some sexual content and language.

I laughed and cried reading this book and I think its a great resource to explore Indigenous issues and the teenage experience.

The Ochek, the Wendigo and the Attic

The Barren Grounds by David A. Robertson tells the story of Morgan and Eli, two indigenous children living with a foster family in Winnipeg. Feeling disconnected from their home, their foster parents, their school, and each other, the two struggle to find their place until they discover a secret room in their attic. When Eli’s artwork is placed on the wall it opens a portal to another world, Askí, wrapped in a never-ending winter. With the help of Ochek (Fisher), Morgan and Eli learn traditional ways to live off the land, trying to support Ochek’s community of Misewa. When it becomes clear food is running out, the three are joined by Arik (Squirrel) and set off on a journey to end the unnatural winter and bring back balance to Askí.

For me, the novel was an incredible blend of two key books from my childhood, The Lion, the Witch and the Wardrobe by C. S. Lewis, and a book of indigenous traditional stories that I grew up reading. David A. Robertson expertly weaves indigenous stories and teachings, such as that of the Wendigo, into a new adventure that mirrors many elements from the stories of Narnia. If you enjoyed The Chronicles of Narnia, I would highly recommend reading The Barren Grounds and the next book in the series, The Great Bear.  If you were a fan of the book, check out other indigenous stories in Walking in Two Worlds by Wab Kinew and Elatsoe by Darcie Little Badger.

The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian

The Absolutely True Diary of a Part-Time Indian is based on author Sherman Alexie’s life growing up on the Spokane Indian Reservation. The novel is written from the point of view of Jr. – a 14 year old boy who decides to attend the all-white high school twenty two miles away from the rez where he has lived all his life in order to receive a better education. Despite the hardships he faces, Jr. views life with optimism and a sense of humour that will make you laugh out loud.

I would recommend this book for a novel study for grades 9 and above, or as an independent novel study for mature students in grades 6, 7 and 8. The cartoons that go along with Alexie’s writing would definitely engage readers of varying abilities and levels. This novel does contain many mature topics (racism, alcoholism, abuse, bullying, death etc.) so this is something for teachers to be aware of and discuss with students throughout the novel study.

This is an incredible book and provides teachers with opportunities to discuss the resilience and history of Indigenous Peoples in North America and how this history has impacted, and continues to impact, Indigenous Peoples to this day.

The Boundless by Kenneth Oppel

The Boundless is a thrilling adventure by Toronto’s Kenneth Oppel. Spanning a whooping seven miles long and composed of a thousand carriages, the Boundless is a spectacular train. Complete with a performing circus and swimming pool, the Boundless crosses Canada from coast to coast in the late 1900s. Will, the protagonist, moves through a social hierarchy as he enters the worlds of each carriage. He begins his journey with the thronging crowds of “humbly dressed passengers carrying odd, tattered suitcases and sagging boxes and bundled crying babies” before entering the successively wealthier worlds of the more privileged classes. The historical and richly drawn character descriptions are in-depth and absorbing. Along the journey, we learn about the history and traditions of Canada’s Indigenous people and European settlers. I was particularly enthralled by Oppel’s vivid descriptions of the train’s journey through Canada’s vast ever-changing landscapes. These diverse, but equally spectacular settings, remind me of road trips I took long ago with my family, where the lush green mountains of BC slowly unfolded into long, scenic stretches of prairie farmland. If you like thrilling, adventure-packed books, The Boundless is for you. Kenneth Oppel currently lives in Toronto, Canada. I recommend reading this book aloud to grades 3+, as an independent book for grades 6+., and as a novel study for grades 6-10.